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Sunday, January 8, 2017

"The Wildcat" (Amusing) #history #genealogy #kentuckypioneers

The Wildcat is "Not to be Frowned Down" 

Wildcat McKinneyJohn McKinney was employed by the people of Lexington as their first teacher. It was during the years when Kentuckians endured many murderous attacks from the Indians. Since Kentucky had no newspaper, any items of interest coming from other states beyond the mountains were eagerly greeted by all. In May of 1783, a traveler passing through the blue-grass section, brought with him a newspaper containing the Articles of Peace with Great Britain. All were anxious to read them. The fact that the Articles had not yet been ratified did not lessen the interest of the citizens. A copy of any paper was a treat, and such news as the Articles meant great hope for the struggling settlers. Before the gentleman departed, however, the citizens appealed to McKinney to copy the Articles of Peace. At that time Lexington was only a cluster of about thirty cabins, and one which stood just outside of the fort was used as a schoolroom. But the next morning while busily writing, McKinney heard a noise and glancing up saw a ferocious wildcat with bristles erect, tail curled, and eyes flashing. The cat had paused on the threshold and was peering around the room. At first she did not see McKinney, but by some involuntary movement he attracted her attention, and she soon exhibited other than friendly emotions. There was a saying "The wildcat was not to be frowned down." Having been accustomed to subdue the backwoods boys and girls by the awfulness of his frown, the teacher tried the same tactics now; but the cat was not to be frowned down. As the teacher reached for a ruler, the cat, with the ferocity of a lion, sprang upon him, fastened her claws into his side and began tearing his clothes, mangling his flesh, and inflicting serious wounds. Knowing he could not long withstand her power and despairing of aught else to do, he threw his weight upon her and pressed her against the sharp corner of the table. Soon her weird cries were mingled with his calls of distress, and erelong the citizens knew something unusual was happening in the little schoolhouse. The women were first to answer the cry of alarm. Reaching the door, they paused to discover the cause of the commotion and seeing Mr. McKinney bending over the table writhing and groaning, they at first glance thought that he had a severe attack of cramp, but quickly seeing the cat, one lady exclaimed, "Why, Mr. McKinney, what is the matter?" 

He very gravely replied, "Madam, I have caught a cat." 

By this time the cat was lifeless; but her teeth were so deeply embedded in his side that the neighbors, many of whom had gathered by this time, had great difficulty in disengaging her. The shock, the wound, and the loss of blood made McKinney very sick and weak, and for several days he was confined to his bed while the boys and girls enjoyed a holiday. Nonetheless, he lived to a ripe old age and was often heard to say he would rather fight two Indians than one wildcat. Source: Stories of Old Kentucky by Martha Grassham Purcell. 

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Saturday, January 7, 2017

Images of Mercer Co. KY Wills and Estates #genealogy #kentuckypioneers

Mercer County, Kentucky Wills and Estates


Harrodsburg

Mercer County was formed from Lincoln County in 1785 and was named for the Revolutionary War General Hugh Mercer who was killed at the Battle of Princeton in 1777. The county seat is Harrodsburg, Kentucky. Some of the earliest settlers were: Abraham Bsnta, Alexander Bowling, Daniel and Cornelius Cozine, George Silvertooth, James Harrod, James Hornback, James Quigley, Thomas Freeman, Thomas Threlkeld, Patrick Lowry, Joseph Bohannon, John McMurtry, Harman Van Dyke, Benoni Swearengin and Matthew English. The Wills, Estates, Inventories, Orphans and Guardian Returns are all combined in the same books. A number of pages in these books were too faded and damaged to include. Effort was made by the State of Kentucky to restore some of the images, however, what you see is what you get

Probate Records available to members of Kentucky Pioneers
    Images of Wills, Estates, Guardianships, Inventories, Appraisements, Bk 1, 1786 to 1795

    • Adams, William | Armstrong, Mary | Arnold, Stephen
    • Banta, Abraham | Batten, William | Beaman, John | Berry, John | Bohannon, Joseph | Bowling, Alexander | Bowling, Henry | Brown, Daniel | Brumfield, Robert | Burn, James O.
    • Campbell, James | Canaday, Rachel | Cooley, Rubin | Corbin, Robert | Cozine, Cornelius | Cozine, Daniel
    • Davis, Joseph | Davis, Thomas | Dickens, Daniel | Downing, William
    • English, Matthew | Estes, Abraham | Flanigan, Dominick | Foster, Isaiah | Freeman, Thomas
    • Gill, John | Givens, Samuel | Gordon, John | Graham, Benjamin | Gricon, Samuel
    • Hale, Jobe | Hale, Joseph | Harbeson, John | Harris, William | Harrod, James | Hartley, Thomas | Holland, Alexander | Holloway, George | Hornback, James
    • James, Abraham | Jeffries, Matthew | Lapsley, Samuel | Little, John | Longly, Isaac | Lowry, Patrick | Lyons, Stephen
    • McAfee, Robert | McBrayer, George | McKinny, Stephen | McMurtry, John | McPike, James | Miller, Hannah | Mitchell, John | Mitchell, Robert | Moun, James
    • Neeld, Benjamin | Noell, Thomas | Overton, James | Prather, Thomas | Quigley, James
    • Roberts, Robert | Robertson, James | Robertson, William | Ross, George
    • Silvertooth, George | Smith, Adam | Stephens, George | Sutton, Robert
    • Taylor, David | Telford, David | Thompson, John | Threlkeld, Moses | Threlkeld, Thomas
    • Vancher, William | Wafe, Rebecca | Woods, David


    Images of Wills, Estates, Guardianships, Inventories, Appraisements, Bk 2, 1795 to 1803

    • Adams, George | Alexander, Martha | Armstrong, John | Ashby, Henry | Ashby, Stephen
    • Banta, Alexander | Barber, Thomas | Berry, John | Bottom, John | Branner, Peter | Brumfield, Job | Burton, Allen | Butt, Henry
    • Cason, Seth | Clark, Francis | Corbin, Robert | Coburn, James | Coburn, Mary | Coburn orphans | Cosby, Charles | Coun, George | Cozine, Cornelius | Cozine, Daniel | Curry, Alexander | Curry, Andrew | Curry, John | Curry, William
    • Daviss, Joseph | Derham, Jacob | Demott, Lawrence Sr. | Donahigh, William | Dunn, Samuel
    • Gill, John | Gillispie, David | Givens, Samuel | Gordon, Ambrose | Guthrie, James
    • Haines, William | Hale, Ann | Hale, Armstrong | Hale, Job | Hale, John | Harbison, Thomas | Harris, Overton | Harrison, John | Harrod, James | Harrod, John | Hale, Joseph | Hobson, Phineas
    • Irvine, Abraham | James, Abraham | Jelp, Isaac | Jones, Gabriel
    • Lapsley, Samuel | Laurence, James | Laurence, Robert | Lawrence, Joseph | Lawrence, Samuel | Lillard, Christopher | Lillard, Edward | Lillard, John | Lock, William | Locke, William
    • MacCoun, John | McAfee, John | McAfee, Joseph | McAfee, Samuel | McBrayer, George | McClure, Alexander | McCoun, James | McDowell, Joseph | McGee, James | McKinney, Charles | McMurtry, John | Missender, Nancy | Mitchell, Robert | Moore, William | Moss, David | Munday, Edmund
    • Neeld, Nathan | New, John W. | Pancake, Simon | Poss, George | Prather, Thomas
    • Ragin, Robert | Robertson, James | Rogers, John | Ryan, John
    • Shipley, Edward | Smith, Benjamin | Steen, John | Stone, Henry | Sutton, Robert | Swank, Henry | Swearingen, Benoni
    • Telfair, Isaac | Telford, David | Telford, Jeremiah | Theckston, Thomas | Thompson, John | Threlkeld, John | Timmons, Live | Turpin, Thomas
    • Vanarsdall, Simon | Van Cleave, William | Walker, Peter | Webster, Richard | Willheit, Nicholas | Willis, John | Wood, Archibald | Wood, David | Woods, James | Woods, Samuel


    Images of Wills, Estates, Guardianships, Inventories, Appraisements, Bk 3, 1803 to 1808

    • Adams, George | Asberry, Thomas | Banner, John | Banta, Abraham | Barbee, John | Beasley, Daniel | Bottoms, John | Buchanan, Alexander | Bull, H.
    • Caldwell, Robert | Cardwell, James | Chiles, John | Clark, Francis | Cole, Joseph | Combs, Charles | Cooney, John | Copeland, James | Cosby, Nelson | Cowan, Jared | Cozine, Cornelius | Crutchfield, William | Curry, William
    • Davis, James | Doak, John | Donaghy, William | Fisher, Jeremiah | Freeman, Thomas
    • Garswiler, Abraham | Garswiler, Joseph | Gills, John | Gordon, Ambrose | Graham, James | Green, Thomas
    • Hale, John | Hale, Nancy | Hales, Hannah | Harmon, Michael | Harbison, Thomas | Hickston, Thomas | Holloway, James | Hunter, Nancy
    • James, Abraham | Jones, Richard | Jordan, Peter
    • Laurence, James | Little, John | Lock, Polly | Lucas, Richard | Lyons, Nancy
    • McAfee, Samuel | McGinty, James | McKee, William | McKinney, Charles | Miles, John | Miller, Hannah | Miller, John | Moore, James | Moors, Samuel | Mosby, David
    • Neald, Nathan | Neeld, Elias | Nichols, Julius | Noel, Bernard
    • Peerson, Hale | Philips, Jeremiah | Pilcher, John | Plough, Abraham | Prather, Thomas
    • Razor, John | Richardson, John | Riley, Jeremiah | Roberson, James | Roberts, Elizabeth | Robertson, Robert | Robinson, James | Robinson, Robert | Ryan, John
    • Shepherd, William | Shields, James | Silvertooth, George | Smith, Jesse | Sneed, Thomas | Stone, Henry
    • Taylor, John | Telford, Jeremiah | Thompson, Leonard | Thompson, William | Vankin, Isaac | Ver Bryle, Laurence
    • Webster, Richard | Wilhite, Nicholas | Wilson, James | Woods, James | Woods, Samuel | Woodson, Jacob | Young, Leonard


    Images of Wills, Estates, Guardianships, Inventories, Appraisements, Bk 4, 1808 to 1813

    • Adair, William | Adams, George | Anderson, Robert | Asberry, Thomas
    • Banta, Abraham | Banta, Albert | Banta, Samuel | Barbee, John | Barnes, Fielden | Bavla, John | Bennett, Martha | Bottom, John | Bottom, Mary | Brewer, Peter | Bright, Jacob | Bryant, Jacob | Buchanan, Alexander | Buchanan, George | Buchanan, Nancy | Bunton, John | Burlins, Ambrose | Burton, Ambrose
    • Caldwell, George | Campbell, Jonas | Cassady, Alexander | Casidy, Andrew | Chiles, John | Clarkson, John | Coghill, John | Copeland, James | Cotter, John | Coulter, John
    • Davis, Azariah | Daugherty, James | Davis, Cyrus | Davis, John | Dean, Thomas
    • Eastland, William | Evans, Amos | Ewing, Samuel | Fisher, Adam | Fisher, Simon | Freeman, David | Freeman, Thomas
    • Gadberry, William | Garshwiler, Joseph | Gillispie, E. | Givins, Martha | Glazebook, Justin | Gordon, Ambrose | Graham, Samuel | Graves, Leonard | Grayham, Samuel, Capt/
    • Hale, Jesse | Hale, Jobe | Haley, orphans | Haley, John | Harbert, John | Harbison, Rachel | Harlord, John | Harris, Charles | Harris, Josias | Hopkins, Samuel | Hughes, William H. | Hungate, John
      James, George | Jarrel, David | Jaunt, John | Jones, Abraham | Kerr, David
    • Laurence, orphans | Lawrence, James | Lawrence, Robert | Lawrence, Samuel | Lewis, Joseph | Lock, William, orphans | Logan, David | Lyon, guardian | Lyon, James
    • Maggs, Thomas | McAfee, Charles | McAfee, James | McCarney, Robert | McCaslin, Richard | McClure, Alexander | McGee, John | McGinnis, William | McKamy, Robert | McKee, Lydia | McKee, William | McMurtrey, John | Minor, George | Moore, James | Moore, orphans | Moore, Samuel | Moore, Thomas | Mosby, David
    • Neald, Elias | Neald, Sarah | Neale, Nathan | Noel, Bernard
    • Parker, Betty | Patton, Thomas | Pearson, Joseph | Powel, Charles | Powel, George
    • Roach, John | Robinson, Margaret | Rowland, Robert
    • Shields, James | Shields, Nancy | Smith, Hannah | Smith, Horace | Smock, John | Speed, James | Stagg, John | Stephens, George | Strong, Walter E.
    • Talbot, Walter | Taylor, John | Timmons, Samuel | Vanarsdal, Simon | Verbryke, Barnabas | Verbryke, Laurance
    • West, Thomas | Williams, John | Willis, Joseph | Wilson, Vance | Young, Leonard


    Images of Wills, Estates, Guardianships, Inventories, Appraisements, Bk 5, 1813 to 1816

    • Adams, Samuel | Albert, James | Armstrong, Robert
    • Baird, William | Banta, Henry P. | Banta, Samuel | Bennett, estate | Bennett, Charles | Bennett, Martha, orphan | Biers, George | Bonnel, orphans | Bowers, Mathias | Bowey, Matthias | Brown, Priestly | Buchannon, Alexander | Buckhanan, George | Buckhannon, orphans | Bunton, John | Byars, George
    • Caldwell, George | Caldwell, Isbel | Caldwell, Robert | Campbell, Josiah | Chelp, Isaac | Colvin, James | Cooney, Mary | Coulter, John | Cowan, Hannah | Curry, Martha | Curry, William
    • Daniel, Benjamin | Daniel, guardians | Davis, Cyrus | Dawson, William | Dean, Thomas | Demott, John | Detsponet, Christopher | Dickinson, Edward | Dunn, James
    • Eastland, William | Eccles, James | Edwards, Stanton | Edwards, Moreton | Elkins, Aylett | Ellis, Luke | Everly, John
    • Fisher, Adam | Gaines, Richard | Givings, Mary | Gordon, Ambrose | Gordon, Averella | Gordon, Robert, orphans | Graham, Joseph | Graves, Leonard | Graves, Rice | Grayham, Samuel | Green, Henry | Green, Mary | Gregory, Richard
    • Haley, orphans | Hanna, Stephen | Harbison, Andrew | Haines, Michael | Harlan, James | Hale, Jesse | Haley, John | Harris, Josiah | Horine, George | Humble, Noah M.
    • Irvine, John | Irvine, Mary | Jefferies, John | Jemison, David | Jones, Gabriel | Jones, James | Keels, Asa | Kenner, Helen
    • Latimer, John B. | Latimer, John | Lawrence, Samuel | Lillard, Ephraim | Lillard, John | Lyon, James | Lyon, orphans
    • Martin, Peter | McCown, John | McGinnis, John | McKamy, Rosana | McKee, William | McKinny, John | McMurtry, John | McMurtry, Samuel | Minor, George | Minor, William | Moore, Elizabeth | Moore, James | Moore, Simeon | Morgan, Joseph | Mosby, John | Mosby, Martha | Mosby, Robert
    • Neeld, Nathan | Neff, Betsy | Odel, Joseph
    • Parkhill, Alexandria | Pateman, John B. | Poulta, Joseph | Prather, Thomas | Prewitt, Matthew
    • Slaughter, Cadwaller | Smith, Zachariah | Smock, Jacob | Smock, Jarrel | Smock, John | Stephens, William | Stevinson, William
    • Taylor, John | Thomas, John | Thompson, James | Thompson, Joseph | Trapnall, Vincent
    • Vanaradall, Christopher | Van Dyke, Barnard | Van Dyke, Henry | Van Dyke, Jane, orphan | Verbryck, John | Verbryck, Lawrence
    • Whittinghill, George | Wilson, James | Winn, John B. | Woods, Samuel


    Images of Wills, Estates, Guardianships, Inventories, Appraisements, Bk 6, 1816 to 1821

    • Adams, William | Algood, Edmund | Allen, James
    • Banta, Henry | Beagles, Elizabeth | Bell, James | Bennett, guardians | Bonnell, orphans | Bowen, Mathias | Boyce, James | Brewer, David | Brewer, Dilley | Brewer, Jared | Brumfield, Robert | Brumfield, Sarah | Brumfield, William | Buckhannon, Nancy | Buckhannon, orphans | Bunton, John | Burd, Pleasant | Burton, Elizabeth | Butler, James
    • Caldwell, Margaret | Cates, William | Clark, Dorothy | Coghill, Nancy Davis | Collier, Joseph | Cowan, George C. | Cozine, George | Crutchfield, William | Curry, William
    • Darnaby, Edward | Davis, Patsy | Davis, Robert, slaves | Demott, John, division | Demott, orphans | Demott, Sally | Deweese, Matthew | Dorland, Garret | Dougherty, James | Durham, John | Dye, Fauntleroy
    • Eastland, William | Edwards, Stanton | Fisher, Stephen | Flournoy, Samuel
    • Garr, Benjamin | Gashwiler, Joseph | Gaunt, John | Graham, Samuel, Captain | Graves, Leonard | Grayham, Samuel | Green, John, orphans
    • Hains, Michael | Hale, Jesse | Hall, William | Hamilton, Alexander | Harbison, Rachel | Harlan, James | Henderson, James | Hicks, James | Hicks, Sarah | Horine, George | Hughes, John | Hughes, Stephen | Hungate, John | Hungate, division
    • Lapsley, James T. | Latimore, John B. | Laurence, Joseph | Lillard, guardian | Logan, Thomas
    • McAfee, George | McCormick, George | McDowell, Joseph | McDowell, Samuel | McGee, James | McGinnis, John | McKee, William | McMurtry, John | Mitchell, Robert
    • Needs, Alexander | Nichols, Green | Orrick, Nicholas
    • Page, Guinn | Page, orphans | Parenger, Leonard | Parmore, Augustine | Pearce, John | Phillips, Jacob | Prather, Thomas, settlement
    • Roane, Fayette | Ryley, John | Rymerson, Barnet
    • Shaw, Daniel | Shepherd, William | Simpson, John | Simpson, William | Smith, Ambrose | Smith, Elizabeth | Smith, Zachariah | Stephenson, William | Swearengin, Benoni
    • Thompson, Elizabeth, dower | Thompson, Foster | Thompson, Joseph | Thompson, orphans | Trower, John
    • Vandandale, James | Van Dyke, Harman | Van Dyke, Henry | Van Dyke, orphan | Vandandale, Simon | Vannays, Cornelius
    • Walters, John | Warren, James | Whitehouse, James | Wickersham, Sampson | Wilhite, Barnett | Williams, Mary, dower | Willis, Joseph Sr. | Wilson, James | Woods, Mary


    Images of Wills, Estates, Guardianships, Inventories, Appraisements, Bk 7, 1821 to 1824

    • Adams, David Algood, Edmund
    • Banta or Bants, Garrett | Bell, James | Bell, William | Bellsfell, Peter Sr. | Benham, Thomas | Bennett, orphans | Bilbo, William | Bingham, Thomas | Boice, Jacob | Bradshaw, Benjamin | Bradshaw, Shadrick | Briscoe, Jeremiah | Brown, James | Burton, Ambrose | Butler, Mary
    • Caldwell, Jackson | Chaplin, Abraham | Chiles, William | Clark, Dorothy | Collier, Joseph | Cotton, David | Cowan, John | Crow, Jacob | Crutchfield, William
    • Dainaby, Edward | Danagh, Hugh | Darland, Garrett | Davis, James | Dean, Levin | Demott, Dorothy | Disponet, Mary Ann
    • Ellis, Philip | Everly, Jacob | Fisher, Barnet | Flournoy, Samuel | Garr, Benjamin | Gates, William | Graves, Leonard
    • Hall, William | Hanna, John | Harlan, James | Herberger, Elizabeth | Higgins, Thomas | Hunter, Zachariah | Hurley, John
    • Jones, James | Knox, David | Lapsley, James T. | Lillard, John Jr. | Lyon, Samuel
    • Maginnis, Nancy | Mann, Beverly | Marrs, Henry | McGinnis, John | McMurtry, orphans | Moore, William
    • Noel, Benjamin | Prather, Henry | Prewitt, Matthew
    • Rasor, Isabella | Rogers, Nancy | Rynearson, Mark
    • Samuel, James | Shields, John | Smith, Ambrose | Smock, orphans | Sneed, Alexander | Stepp, William
    • Taylor, Peter | Taylor, William M. | Teachonau, Samson | Turhune, Garrett | Thompson, Foster | Thompson, Joseph | Thurman, John
    • Vander, Peter | Walker, Philip | Walton, John | Whitewill, George | Wingate, Elias | Woods, Mary

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Friday, January 6, 2017

Scotch-Irish Settlers to Kentucky #genealogy #kentuckypioneers

The Scotch-Irish in Kentucky

Bozeman AdairThere was a slw of Scotch-Irish settlers who migrated from Antrim, Ireland to America during the mid 18th century. One such young man was John Adair who came in 1772 when he was eighteen years of age. Although, tracing the voyages of the Irish is difficult, most emigrants departed the port at Antrim and landed in Pennsylvania where they joined other irishmen in Bucks or Berks County. The many civil conflicts in the British isles virtually destroyed all ancient records. The family of John Adair temporarily settled in Baltimore before removing to Pennsylvania. He must have been with a group moving together, because shortly thereafter the family was in Sullivan County, North Carolina, removing to Knox County in 1791 and Wayne County, Kentucky in 1804. The boundary North Carolina, Virginia and Kentucky boundary lines changed and Sullivan County, North Carolina became Sullivan County, Tennessee. The records shows that several branches of the Adair families were moving into South Carolina dn Georgia as well. They were Scotch-Irish in appearance, with reddish hair and beards. 

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Thursday, January 5, 2017

Zerelda James, the Gorgeous Mother of Jesse James #history #genealogy #kentuckypioneers

Zerelda James, the Tantalizing Mother of Jesse James

Zeralda JamesJesse James was the son of a Baptist preacher of prominence and eloquence in his day. The father was a native of Logan County, Kentucky, and the mother (whose maiden name was Zerelda Cole) was born in Woodford County, Kentucky, about half way between Versailles and Lexington where the father kept a hostelry known as Cole's Tavern. Upon the death of the father the widow removed to the neighborhood of Stamping Ground in Scott County to be among her relatives. This is where she met and married in 1840 Rev. Robert J. James. IN 1843 they removed to Missouri, settling in Clay County, where Jesse was born in 1845. Mrs. James was a handsome, vivacious, devil-may-care girl, careless of good or evil report. Tall, large-framed, and full of animal life, she was the universal favorite among those of the opposite sex, and her marriage to a clergyman was one of those surprises she was fond of indulging in. Her hair was black as the raven's wing, her eyes black and piercing. Her temper was quick and tiery, her tongue sharp and cutting, and her enmity deadly and enduring. Later in life she became a large woman, her hair sprinkled with gray, but her eyes steill keen and piercing and her temper ungovernable as ever. Several years after the death of Mr. James, she was married to Robert Mimms, whom she was known to have harassed into the grave. Afterwards, she married Dr. Samuels, a prominent physician of Clay County. She is attributed to the evil life led by her sons, Frank and Jesse James. It was the home guards in their town which encouraged Frank and Jesse to join the Confederate lines uner the notorious Quantrell. Jesse was only fourteen years of age. When they sacked the town of Lawrence, Kansas, Jesse shot down women and children without compunction and later boasted that he had murdered thirty-six citizens with his own hand. But the crowning horror of his life occurred on the morning of September 17, 1861, in Missouri, when a gang of Quantrell's band of cut throats under Bill Anderson galloped into the village and sacked the store, plundered houses, then waited for the train to arrive from St. Joseph (bound for St. Louis), which they stopped and ordered thirty two sick federal soldiers en route to the hospital in St. Louis to descend from the train. Then, they stood them in a row and the two James boys loading their pistols as fast as they emptied, shot all of them to death. Source: An article from The Bourbon News, Millersburg, Kentucky, April 18, 1882.

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Wednesday, January 4, 2017

The Identity of Factoring Agents

Factoring Agents in the Olden Days
By Jeannette Holland Austin

A factor is an agent who transacts business for another. In colonial days there were tobacco and cotton factors. In other words, shipping tobacco to England, the West Indies or elsewhere, required an agent to sell the crops and handle the business transactions. In 1672, one of the factors of George Lee, an English merchant, died in Virginia. At the time he was indebted to his principal for 700 pounds sterling. His property was passed into the hands of his mother who appointed an attorney to take charge of it. The whole estate was converted into tobacco, a crop which he was about to ship to his own consignee in England. The General Court interposed with an order requiring him to transfer the entire quantity to a third person in the mother country until the justice of the claim of Lee onn the property of his deceased agent had been decided. Also, all of his account books went back to England. As was the common practice, widows had plenty of suitors owing to a shortage of females in the Virginia colony. This is how the goods of an estate went into the hands of the second husband who very often showed no scruple in dealing with them as his personal property. Such was the case of Thomas Kingston, the agent of Thomas Cowell who owned a plantation in the colony about 1636. Upon the death of Kingston, his relict became the wife of Thomas Loving who appropriated the credits and merchandise of Cowell. Cowell petitioned that Loving be required to take an inventory of the property in his possession and to give bond in a large sum to hold it without further purloining it.
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Tuesday, January 3, 2017

Colonial Dress Styles

Colonial Dress
By Jeannette Holland Austin

Shoe buckles were worn manufactured of brass, steel or silver. The periwig was worn during the latter part of the 17th century. In 1689, William Byrd sent one of his wigs to his London merchant with instructions to have it altered. The covering of heads of men consisted of the monmouth cap, the felt, the beaver or caster and the sraw hat. The neck-cloth was of blue linen, calico dowlas, muslan or the finest holland. The band or falling collar was made either of linen or lace. The material of the coat ranged from broadcloth, camlet, fustian drugget and serve to cotton, kersey, frieze, canvas and buckskin. In 1638 a pair of boots in Accomac were valued at forty pounds of tobacco.
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Monday, January 2, 2017

Expedition of General Clark. Mercer Co. Wills & Estates #history #genealogy #kentuckypioneers

The Expedition of General George Rogers Clark 
By Jeannette Holland Austin

battle of Ft. Vincennes in IndianaGeorge Rogers Clark was born on November 19, 1752 in Charlottesville, Virginia, near the home of Thomas Jefferson. During 1756, after the outbreak of the French and Indian War, the family moved away from the frontier and settled in Caroline County, Virginia where Clark became a surveyer of lands in Kentucky along the Ohio River. In 1774, when Clark was preparing to lead an expedition of ninety men down the Ohio River, war broke out with the American Indians. Four years later, General Clark received guns from Virginia for his expedition to the Mississippi River and his regiment descended the Ohio River with 150 men. Clark sent messages to Harrodsburg to raise a company to join them at the Falls. Although, Kentucky sent only about 80 men, 250 soldiers mustered on June 24th at the Falls. On the 28th, Clark and his company passed the Falls of Ohio and landed on a creek about three leagues below the Tennessee River. They had no mules or horses, so carried their own luggage and equipment into the town of Kaskaskia, but it took four days. Upon reaching Kaskaskia, they successfully disarmed the inhabitants, but put ten to twelve men thought to be dangerous in irons. "Kaskaskia was a handsome village, and contained a considerable number of very decent respectable inhabitants, both male and female, extremely polite and agreeable; they were principally French." Meanwhile, on July 5, 1778, Captain Joseph Bowman was detached to a party of men on horseback to capture the village of Cohn, which was about twenty leagues from Kaskaskia. The inhabitants (like those at Kaskaskia) immediately took the oath of allegance to the State of Virginia. When it was known that tribes of Indians were in the vicinity, General Clark visited with the chief of Cohn, Battisse, and attended the conferences of the chiefs. Battisse first arose and made a speech about the history of his fathers and of the Sacks for hundreds of years back. Meanwhile, at the post of St. Vincennes on the banks of the Washbash River, there was a Lieutenant who had left a few troops behind while he went to Detroit. As a result, 500 British, Canadian and Indians descended the Wabash to St. Vincennes, and, capturing Captain Helm, held him as a prisoner of war. Then, these troops were sent by Governor Hamilton from Detroit to attack Clark at Kaskaskia. Also, the governor posted a $30,000 reward to the person or persons who would capture Clark. Thus, many plans were in the works to entrap Clark. When Clark heard that Governor Hamilton had taken St. Vincennes, he decided to dislodge him before the governor obtained re-enforcements. So it was that in the cold of winter, Clark manned a boat of forty men with a piece of cannon down the Mississippi River to the Wabash and Ohio Rivers to attack the town. It was evening when the first fire was given. Governor Hamilton, Captain Holsh and several gentlemen were playing a games of Whist. Holsh jumped to his feet and exclaimed "By G--, that's Clark!" About 10:00 Clark demanded a surrender of the fort. Three flags were flown and the terms agreed upon. Hamilton surrendered a strong defensive garrison. Then Clark received word that Mr. DeJean was descending the Wabash from Detroit with stores for Vincennes. So he quickly dispatched Captain Helms to help surprise DeJean and his party in the night, and took eighty-five men. Source: The Southern Recorder, Milledgeville, Georgia. November, 1826. 

Footnote: Having financed most of his military campaigns on borrowed funds, Clark, unable to get recompensed from Virginia or the United States Congress. lived the rest of his life in debt. All that the State of Virginia gave him was 150,000 acres of land as well as some small tracts of land for his soldiers. This is why, on February 2, 1793, Clark offered his services to Edmond-Charles Genet, the controversial ambassador of revolutionary France, hoping to earn money to maintain his estate. Clark proposed to Genet that, with French financial support, he could lead an expedition which would drive the Spanish from the Mississippi Valley. Then he organized a campaign to seize New Madrid, St. Louis, Natchez, and New Orleans with the assistance of his old comrades, Benjamin Logan and John Montgomery, and some support from Governor Isaac Shelby of Kentucky. But it cost Clark $4,680 of his own money for supplies. Disaster struck when President Washington issued a proclamation in 1794 forbidding Americans from violating U. S. neutrality and threatened to dispatch General Anthony Wayne to Fort Massac to stop the expedition. As a result, the French government recalled Genet and revoked the commissions he granted to the Americans for the war against Spain. It became impossible for Clark to continue holding his land and Clark, once the largest landholder in the Northwest Territory, was left with only a small plot of land in Clarksville. During the next two decades the embittered Clark struggled with alcohol abuse, resentful that Virginia had failed to finance his projects. Then, in 1809 Clark suffered a severe stroke and fell into an fireplace. His leg was so severely burned that it was necessary to amputate that limb. Afterwards, the disabled Clark resided in the home of his brother-in-law, Major William Groghan near Louisville, Kentucky. Soon after a second stroke, Clark died at Locust Grove on February 13, 1818 and was buried at Locust Grove Cemetery two days later. In his funeral oration, Judge John Rowan succinctly summed up the stature and importance of George Rogers Clark during the critical years on the Trans-Appalachian frontier: "The mighty oak of the forest has fallen, and now the scrub oaks sprout all around." Later, on October 29, 1869, his body was exhumed with other members of the family and reburied Cave Hill Cemetery in Louisville. 

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    Images of Wills, Estates, Guardianships, Inventories, Appraisements, Bk 1, 1786 to 1795

    • Adams, William | Armstrong, Mary | Arnold, Stephen
    • Banta, Abraham | Batten, William | Beaman, John | Berry, John | Bohannon, Joseph | Bowling, Alexander | Bowling, Henry | Brown, Daniel | Brumfield, Robert | Burn, James O.
    • Campbell, James | Canaday, Rachel | Cooley, Rubin | Corbin, Robert | Cozine, Cornelius | Cozine, Daniel
    • Davis, Joseph | Davis, Thomas | Dickens, Daniel | Downing, William
    • English, Matthew | Estes, Abraham | Flanigan, Dominick | Foster, Isaiah | Freeman, Thomas
    • Gill, John | Givens, Samuel | Gordon, John | Graham, Benjamin | Gricon, Samuel
    • Hale, Jobe | Hale, Joseph | Harbeson, John | Harris, William | Harrod, James | Hartley, Thomas | Holland, Alexander | Holloway, George | Hornback, James
    • James, Abraham | Jeffries, Matthew | Lapsley, Samuel | Little, John | Longly, Isaac | Lowry, Patrick | Lyons, Stephen
    • McAfee, Robert | McBrayer, George | McKinny, Stephen | McMurtry, John | McPike, James | Miller, Hannah | Mitchell, John | Mitchell, Robert | Moun, James
    • Neeld, Benjamin | Noell, Thomas | Overton, James | Prather, Thomas | Quigley, James
    • Roberts, Robert | Robertson, James | Robertson, William | Ross, George
    • Silvertooth, George | Smith, Adam | Stephens, George | Sutton, Robert
    • Taylor, David | Telford, David | Thompson, John | Threlkeld, Moses | Threlkeld, Thomas
    • Vancher, William | Wafe, Rebecca | Woods, David


    Images of Wills, Estates, Guardianships, Inventories, Appraisements, Bk 2, 1795 to 1803

    • Adams, George | Alexander, Martha | Armstrong, John | Ashby, Henry | Ashby, Stephen
    • Banta, Alexander | Barber, Thomas | Berry, John | Bottom, John | Branner, Peter | Brumfield, Job | Burton, Allen | Butt, Henry
    • Cason, Seth | Clark, Francis | Corbin, Robert | Coburn, James | Coburn, Mary | Coburn orphans | Cosby, Charles | Coun, George | Cozine, Cornelius | Cozine, Daniel | Curry, Alexander | Curry, Andrew | Curry, John | Curry, William
    • Daviss, Joseph | Derham, Jacob | Demott, Lawrence Sr. | Donahigh, William | Dunn, Samuel
    • Gill, John | Gillispie, David | Givens, Samuel | Gordon, Ambrose | Guthrie, James
    • Haines, William | Hale, Ann | Hale, Armstrong | Hale, Job | Hale, John | Harbison, Thomas | Harris, Overton | Harrison, John | Harrod, James | Harrod, John | Hale, Joseph | Hobson, Phineas
    • Irvine, Abraham | James, Abraham | Jelp, Isaac | Jones, Gabriel
    • Lapsley, Samuel | Laurence, James | Laurence, Robert | Lawrence, Joseph | Lawrence, Samuel | Lillard, Christopher | Lillard, Edward | Lillard, John | Lock, William | Locke, William
    • MacCoun, John | McAfee, John | McAfee, Joseph | McAfee, Samuel | McBrayer, George | McClure, Alexander | McCoun, James | McDowell, Joseph | McGee, James | McKinney, Charles | McMurtry, John | Missender, Nancy | Mitchell, Robert | Moore, William | Moss, David | Munday, Edmund
    • Neeld, Nathan | New, John W. | Pancake, Simon | Poss, George | Prather, Thomas
    • Ragin, Robert | Robertson, James | Rogers, John | Ryan, John
    • Shipley, Edward | Smith, Benjamin | Steen, John | Stone, Henry | Sutton, Robert | Swank, Henry | Swearingen, Benoni
    • Telfair, Isaac | Telford, David | Telford, Jeremiah | Theckston, Thomas | Thompson, John | Threlkeld, John | Timmons, Live | Turpin, Thomas
    • Vanarsdall, Simon | Van Cleave, William | Walker, Peter | Webster, Richard | Willheit, Nicholas | Willis, John | Wood, Archibald | Wood, David | Woods, James | Woods, Samuel


    Images of Wills, Estates, Guardianships, Inventories, Appraisements, Bk 3, 1803 to 1808

    • Adams, George | Asberry, Thomas | Banner, John | Banta, Abraham | Barbee, John | Beasley, Daniel | Bottoms, John | Buchanan, Alexander | Bull, H.
    • Caldwell, Robert | Cardwell, James | Chiles, John | Clark, Francis | Cole, Joseph | Combs, Charles | Cooney, John | Copeland, James | Cosby, Nelson | Cowan, Jared | Cozine, Cornelius | Crutchfield, William | Curry, William
    • Davis, James | Doak, John | Donaghy, William | Fisher, Jeremiah | Freeman, Thomas
    • Garswiler, Abraham | Garswiler, Joseph | Gills, John | Gordon, Ambrose | Graham, James | Green, Thomas
    • Hale, John | Hale, Nancy | Hales, Hannah | Harmon, Michael | Harbison, Thomas | Hickston, Thomas | Holloway, James | Hunter, Nancy
    • James, Abraham | Jones, Richard | Jordan, Peter
    • Laurence, James | Little, John | Lock, Polly | Lucas, Richard | Lyons, Nancy
    • McAfee, Samuel | McGinty, James | McKee, William | McKinney, Charles | Miles, John | Miller, Hannah | Miller, John | Moore, James | Moors, Samuel | Mosby, David
    • Neald, Nathan | Neeld, Elias | Nichols, Julius | Noel, Bernard
    • Peerson, Hale | Philips, Jeremiah | Pilcher, John | Plough, Abraham | Prather, Thomas
    • Razor, John | Richardson, John | Riley, Jeremiah | Roberson, James | Roberts, Elizabeth | Robertson, Robert | Robinson, James | Robinson, Robert | Ryan, John
    • Shepherd, William | Shields, James | Silvertooth, George | Smith, Jesse | Sneed, Thomas | Stone, Henry
    • Taylor, John | Telford, Jeremiah | Thompson, Leonard | Thompson, William | Vankin, Isaac | Ver Bryle, Laurence
    • Webster, Richard | Wilhite, Nicholas | Wilson, James | Woods, James | Woods, Samuel | Woodson, Jacob | Young, Leonard


    Images of Wills, Estates, Guardianships, Inventories, Appraisements, Bk 4, 1808 to 1813

    • Adair, William | Adams, George | Anderson, Robert | Asberry, Thomas
    • Banta, Abraham | Banta, Albert | Banta, Samuel | Barbee, John | Barnes, Fielden | Bavla, John | Bennett, Martha | Bottom, John | Bottom, Mary | Brewer, Peter | Bright, Jacob | Bryant, Jacob | Buchanan, Alexander | Buchanan, George | Buchanan, Nancy | Bunton, John | Burlins, Ambrose | Burton, Ambrose
    • Caldwell, George | Campbell, Jonas | Cassady, Alexander | Casidy, Andrew | Chiles, John | Clarkson, John | Coghill, John | Copeland, James | Cotter, John | Coulter, John
    • Davis, Azariah | Daugherty, James | Davis, Cyrus | Davis, John | Dean, Thomas
    • Eastland, William | Evans, Amos | Ewing, Samuel | Fisher, Adam | Fisher, Simon | Freeman, David | Freeman, Thomas
    • Gadberry, William | Garshwiler, Joseph | Gillispie, E. | Givins, Martha | Glazebook, Justin | Gordon, Ambrose | Graham, Samuel | Graves, Leonard | Grayham, Samuel, Capt/
    • Hale, Jesse | Hale, Jobe | Haley, orphans | Haley, John | Harbert, John | Harbison, Rachel | Harlord, John | Harris, Charles | Harris, Josias | Hopkins, Samuel | Hughes, William H. | Hungate, John
      James, George | Jarrel, David | Jaunt, John | Jones, Abraham | Kerr, David
    • Laurence, orphans | Lawrence, James | Lawrence, Robert | Lawrence, Samuel | Lewis, Joseph | Lock, William, orphans | Logan, David | Lyon, guardian | Lyon, James
    • Maggs, Thomas | McAfee, Charles | McAfee, James | McCarney, Robert | McCaslin, Richard | McClure, Alexander | McGee, John | McGinnis, William | McKamy, Robert | McKee, Lydia | McKee, William | McMurtrey, John | Minor, George | Moore, James | Moore, orphans | Moore, Samuel | Moore, Thomas | Mosby, David
    • Neald, Elias | Neald, Sarah | Neale, Nathan | Noel, Bernard
    • Parker, Betty | Patton, Thomas | Pearson, Joseph | Powel, Charles | Powel, George
    • Roach, John | Robinson, Margaret | Rowland, Robert
    • Shields, James | Shields, Nancy | Smith, Hannah | Smith, Horace | Smock, John | Speed, James | Stagg, John | Stephens, George | Strong, Walter E.
    • Talbot, Walter | Taylor, John | Timmons, Samuel | Vanarsdal, Simon | Verbryke, Barnabas | Verbryke, Laurance
    • West, Thomas | Williams, John | Willis, Joseph | Wilson, Vance | Young, Leonard


    Images of Wills, Estates, Guardianships, Inventories, Appraisements, Bk 5, 1813 to 1816

    • Adams, Samuel | Albert, James | Armstrong, Robert
    • Baird, William | Banta, Henry P. | Banta, Samuel | Bennett, estate | Bennett, Charles | Bennett, Martha, orphan | Biers, George | Bonnel, orphans | Bowers, Mathias | Bowey, Matthias | Brown, Priestly | Buchannon, Alexander | Buckhanan, George | Buckhannon, orphans | Bunton, John | Byars, George
    • Caldwell, George | Caldwell, Isbel | Caldwell, Robert | Campbell, Josiah | Chelp, Isaac | Colvin, James | Cooney, Mary | Coulter, John | Cowan, Hannah | Curry, Martha | Curry, William
    • Daniel, Benjamin | Daniel, guardians | Davis, Cyrus | Dawson, William | Dean, Thomas | Demott, John | Detsponet, Christopher | Dickinson, Edward | Dunn, James
    • Eastland, William | Eccles, James | Edwards, Stanton | Edwards, Moreton | Elkins, Aylett | Ellis, Luke | Everly, John
    • Fisher, Adam | Gaines, Richard | Givings, Mary | Gordon, Ambrose | Gordon, Averella | Gordon, Robert, orphans | Graham, Joseph | Graves, Leonard | Graves, Rice | Grayham, Samuel | Green, Henry | Green, Mary | Gregory, Richard
    • Haley, orphans | Hanna, Stephen | Harbison, Andrew | Haines, Michael | Harlan, James | Hale, Jesse | Haley, John | Harris, Josiah | Horine, George | Humble, Noah M.
    • Irvine, John | Irvine, Mary | Jefferies, John | Jemison, David | Jones, Gabriel | Jones, James | Keels, Asa | Kenner, Helen
    • Latimer, John B. | Latimer, John | Lawrence, Samuel | Lillard, Ephraim | Lillard, John | Lyon, James | Lyon, orphans
    • Martin, Peter | McCown, John | McGinnis, John | McKamy, Rosana | McKee, William | McKinny, John | McMurtry, John | McMurtry, Samuel | Minor, George | Minor, William | Moore, Elizabeth | Moore, James | Moore, Simeon | Morgan, Joseph | Mosby, John | Mosby, Martha | Mosby, Robert
    • Neeld, Nathan | Neff, Betsy | Odel, Joseph
    • Parkhill, Alexandria | Pateman, John B. | Poulta, Joseph | Prather, Thomas | Prewitt, Matthew
    • Slaughter, Cadwaller | Smith, Zachariah | Smock, Jacob | Smock, Jarrel | Smock, John | Stephens, William | Stevinson, William
    • Taylor, John | Thomas, John | Thompson, James | Thompson, Joseph | Trapnall, Vincent
    • Vanaradall, Christopher | Van Dyke, Barnard | Van Dyke, Henry | Van Dyke, Jane, orphan | Verbryck, John | Verbryck, Lawrence
    • Whittinghill, George | Wilson, James | Winn, John B. | Woods, Samuel


    Images of Wills, Estates, Guardianships, Inventories, Appraisements, Bk 6, 1816 to 1821

    • Adams, William | Algood, Edmund | Allen, James
    • Banta, Henry | Beagles, Elizabeth | Bell, James | Bennett, guardians | Bonnell, orphans | Bowen, Mathias | Boyce, James | Brewer, David | Brewer, Dilley | Brewer, Jared | Brumfield, Robert | Brumfield, Sarah | Brumfield, William | Buckhannon, Nancy | Buckhannon, orphans | Bunton, John | Burd, Pleasant | Burton, Elizabeth | Butler, James
    • Caldwell, Margaret | Cates, William | Clark, Dorothy | Coghill, Nancy Davis | Collier, Joseph | Cowan, George C. | Cozine, George | Crutchfield, William | Curry, William
    • Darnaby, Edward | Davis, Patsy | Davis, Robert, slaves | Demott, John, division | Demott, orphans | Demott, Sally | Deweese, Matthew | Dorland, Garret | Dougherty, James | Durham, John | Dye, Fauntleroy
    • Eastland, William | Edwards, Stanton | Fisher, Stephen | Flournoy, Samuel
    • Garr, Benjamin | Gashwiler, Joseph | Gaunt, John | Graham, Samuel, Captain | Graves, Leonard | Grayham, Samuel | Green, John, orphans
    • Hains, Michael | Hale, Jesse | Hall, William | Hamilton, Alexander | Harbison, Rachel | Harlan, James | Henderson, James | Hicks, James | Hicks, Sarah | Horine, George | Hughes, John | Hughes, Stephen | Hungate, John | Hungate, division
    • Lapsley, James T. | Latimore, John B. | Laurence, Joseph | Lillard, guardian | Logan, Thomas
    • McAfee, George | McCormick, George | McDowell, Joseph | McDowell, Samuel | McGee, James | McGinnis, John | McKee, William | McMurtry, John | Mitchell, Robert
    • Needs, Alexander | Nichols, Green | Orrick, Nicholas
    • Page, Guinn | Page, orphans | Parenger, Leonard | Parmore, Augustine | Pearce, John | Phillips, Jacob | Prather, Thomas, settlement
    • Roane, Fayette | Ryley, John | Rymerson, Barnet
    • Shaw, Daniel | Shepherd, William | Simpson, John | Simpson, William | Smith, Ambrose | Smith, Elizabeth | Smith, Zachariah | Stephenson, William | Swearengin, Benoni
    • Thompson, Elizabeth, dower | Thompson, Foster | Thompson, Joseph | Thompson, orphans | Trower, John
    • Vandandale, James | Van Dyke, Harman | Van Dyke, Henry | Van Dyke, orphan | Vandandale, Simon | Vannays, Cornelius
    • Walters, John | Warren, James | Whitehouse, James | Wickersham, Sampson | Wilhite, Barnett | Williams, Mary, dower | Willis, Joseph Sr. | Wilson, James | Woods, Mary


    Images of Wills, Estates, Guardianships, Inventories, Appraisements, Bk 7, 1821 to 1824

    • Adams, David Algood, Edmund
    • Banta or Bants, Garrett | Bell, James | Bell, William | Bellsfell, Peter Sr. | Benham, Thomas | Bennett, orphans | Bilbo, William | Bingham, Thomas | Boice, Jacob | Bradshaw, Benjamin | Bradshaw, Shadrick | Briscoe, Jeremiah | Brown, James | Burton, Ambrose | Butler, Mary
    • Caldwell, Jackson | Chaplin, Abraham | Chiles, William | Clark, Dorothy | Collier, Joseph | Cotton, David | Cowan, John | Crow, Jacob | Crutchfield, William
    • Dainaby, Edward | Danagh, Hugh | Darland, Garrett | Davis, James | Dean, Levin | Demott, Dorothy | Disponet, Mary Ann
    • Ellis, Philip | Everly, Jacob | Fisher, Barnet | Flournoy, Samuel | Garr, Benjamin | Gates, William | Graves, Leonard
    • Hall, William | Hanna, John | Harlan, James | Herberger, Elizabeth | Higgins, Thomas | Hunter, Zachariah | Hurley, John
    • Jones, James | Knox, David | Lapsley, James T. | Lillard, John Jr. | Lyon, Samuel
    • Maginnis, Nancy | Mann, Beverly | Marrs, Henry | McGinnis, John | McMurtry, orphans | Moore, William
    • Noel, Benjamin | Prather, Henry | Prewitt, Matthew
    • Rasor, Isabella | Rogers, Nancy | Rynearson, Mark
    • Samuel, James | Shields, John | Smith, Ambrose | Smock, orphans | Sneed, Alexander | Stepp, William
    • Taylor, Peter | Taylor, William M. | Teachonau, Samson | Turhune, Garrett | Thompson, Foster | Thompson, Joseph | Thurman, John
    • Vander, Peter | Walker, Philip | Walton, John | Whitewill, George | Wingate, Elias | Woods, Mary

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Sunday, January 1, 2017

Old Kentucky Periodicals and Magazines #history #genealogy #kentuckypioneers.com

Magazines and Periodicals for Kentucky
By Jeannette Holland Austin

The MicroscopeThe first magazine issued in Kentucky or the West wasThe Medley, orMonthly Miscellany for the year 1803, edited and published by Daniel Bradford, son of old John Bradford, the editor of The Kentucky Gazette. The Medley lived through the year of 1803, but in January of 1804, Editor Bradford announced that he was compelled (from lack of appreciation) to abandon its publication. The twelve parts were bound for those of the subscribers who cared to have them made into a single volume, and probably not more than two copies are extant to-day. 

The Almoner, a religious periodical, the first issue date was Lexington, April, 1814. The period went out of print twelve months later. It was published by Thomas T. Skillman, the pioneer printer. It mostly contains an account of the preacher, John Poage Campbell and his many theological works. 

During August of 1819, William Gibbes Hunt, a Harvard man, who later took a degree from Transylvania University, established The Western Review at Lexington. This was the first literary magazine in the West. Hunt was a man of fine tastes, and he had a proper conception of what a magazine should be. He worked hard for two years, but in July of 1821 when he published the first draft of the famous poem of General William O. Butler, " The Boatman's Horn", he discovered that it was time to quit. The four bound volumes of The Western Review apparently survived. 

The Literary Pamphleteer magazine was born and died at Paris, Kentucky in 1823. The following year, Thomas T. Skillman established The Western Luminary at Lexington. This was a semi-religious journal, but its publication was shortly suspended. 

The Microscope seems to have been the first magazine published at Louisville, it being founded in 1824, but its life was ephemeral. 

Under a half a dozen different names, with many lapses between the miles, The Transylvanian, which Professor Thomas Johnson Matthews of Transylvania University established at Lexington in 1829, has survived until the present time. It is now the literary magazine of Transylvania University. Mr. James Lane Allen, Mr. Frank Waller Allen, and one or two other well-known Kentucky writers saw their earliest essays and stories first published in The Transylvanian

The Lexington Literary Journal published by John Clark twice a week, was founded in 1833.

The Louisville Literary News-Letter, edited by Edmund Flagg and issued by George D. Prentice, was current in the Kentucky metropolis from December, 1838 to November of 1840. 

Far and away the most famous literary periodical ever published in Kentucky, was The Western Messenger, founded at Cincinnati in 1835, and removed to Louisville in April of 1836. James Freeman Clarke (1810-1888), the noted Boston Unitarian preacher and author, was editor, publisher and agent of The Messenger while it was in Louisville. Ralph Waldo Emerson first appeared as a poet in the magazine of his friend. His Goodby Proud World, The Rhodora, The Humble Bee, and several of his other now noted poems, were printed for the first time in The Messenger. Clarke also published papers from the hands of Hawthorne, Oliver Wendell Holmes, William Ellery Channing, Margaret Fuller, and nearly all of the writers now grouped as the New England school. He printed a poem of John Keats, which had never been previously published, the manuscript of which was furnished by George Keats, brother of the poet, who lived at Louisville for many years. Clarke later wrote an interesting sketch of George Keats for his magazine. During parts of the four years he published The Messenger at Louisville he had as assistant editors Christopher P. Cranch and Samuel Osgood, now well-known names in American letters. Clarke returned to Boston in 1840 and The Messenger returned to Cincinnati where it was suspended in April of 1841. 

Thirteen years after The Western Messenger left Louisville, The Western Literary Magazine, a monthly publication, was begun; and three years later, or in 1856, The Louisville Review, another monthly, was established. 

The Southern Bivouac, which was conducted at Louisville for several years by General Basil W. Duke and Richard W. Knott. 

The Illustrated Kentuckian, founded at Lexington in 1892.

The Southern Magazine of Louisville, published papers by Mr. Allen, stories by Mr. John Fox, Jr., and several other now well-known writers; and the Midland Reviewpublished by Charles J. O'Malley ran for some time. 

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